Medication Browser

Review medication classes by system with examples, plain-language mechanism, adverse effects, nursing actions, hold cues, antidotes, and NCLEX pearls.

Showing 28 medication class cards

all content needs review

Cholinergics

bethanechol, pilocarpine

needs review
NeuroRenal

Turns on parasympathetic activity, so secretions and smooth muscle activity increase while heart rate may slow.

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Anticholinergics

atropine, benztropine, oxybutynin, ipratropium

needs review
NeuroRespGI

Blocks parasympathetic activity, so secretions dry up, heart rate can rise, and smooth muscle spasms decrease.

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Antiepileptics

levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

needs review
Neuro

Calms abnormal neuronal firing so seizures are less likely to start or spread.

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Dopaminergic agents

carbidopa-levodopa, pramipexole

needs review
Neuro

Boosts dopamine signaling to improve bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor.

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Anticholinesterase agents

pyridostigmine, neostigmine

needs review
Neuro

Keeps acetylcholine active longer at the neuromuscular junction to improve muscle strength.

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Beta blockers

metoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, carvedilol

needs review
CardiacEndo

Blocks beta stimulation so heart rate, contractility, and blood pressure can decrease.

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Calcium channel blockers

diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine, nicardipine

needs review
Cardiac

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle and, for selected agents, slows AV node conduction.

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ACE inhibitors / ARBs

lisinopril, enalapril, losartan, valsartan

needs review
CardiacRenal

Reduces angiotensin effect so vessels relax and aldosterone-driven sodium and water retention decreases.

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Diuretics

furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, mannitol

needs review
CardiacRenal

Moves fluid out through the kidneys; the exact electrolyte effect depends on the class.

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Antiarrhythmics

amiodarone, adenosine, lidocaine

needs review
Cardiac

Changes cardiac electrical conduction to terminate or prevent unsafe rhythms.

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Anticoagulants

heparin, enoxaparin, warfarin, apixaban

needs review
CardiacHeme

Reduces clot formation by interfering with the coagulation cascade.

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Antiplatelets

aspirin, clopidogrel

needs review
CardiacHemeNeuro

Makes platelets less sticky so arterial clots are less likely to form.

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Nitrates

nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate

needs review
Cardiac

Dilates veins and coronary vessels to reduce workload and improve oxygen supply-demand balance.

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Bronchodilators

albuterol, ipratropium, salmeterol, tiotropium

needs review
Resp

Opens narrowed airways by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle or reducing vagal bronchoconstriction.

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Corticosteroids

prednisone, methylprednisolone, fluticasone, hydrocortisone

needs review
RespEndoSkin

Suppresses inflammation and immune activity; systemic use affects glucose, infection risk, and adrenal response.

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Insulins

lispro, regular insulin, NPH, glargine

needs review
Endo

Moves glucose from blood into cells; also shifts potassium into cells when used with dextrose for hyperkalemia.

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Thyroid medications

levothyroxine

needs review
Endo

Replaces thyroid hormone to restore metabolic function.

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Antithyroid medications

methimazole, propylthiouracil

needs review
Endo

Reduces thyroid hormone production so the high-metabolism state calms down.

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OB uterotonics

oxytocin, methylergonovine, carboprost, misoprostol

needs review
OB

Stimulates uterine contraction to support labor or clamp down bleeding after birth.

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Magnesium sulfate

magnesium sulfate

needs review
OBRenalCardiac

Depresses neuromuscular excitability and stabilizes seizure risk in severe preeclampsia/eclampsia.

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Antibiotics by class

penicillins, cephalosporins, vancomycin, macrolides

needs review
IDRespRenal

Targets bacterial growth or cell structures; exact teaching depends on the antibiotic class.

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Antivirals

acyclovir, oseltamivir

needs review
IDNeuro

Interferes with viral replication; exact target and timing depend on the antiviral.

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Psych antidepressants

sertraline, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, amitriptyline

needs review
Psych

Changes neurotransmitter availability to improve mood symptoms over time.

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Antipsychotics

haloperidol, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine

needs review
Psych

Modulates dopamine and other neurotransmitters to reduce psychosis, agitation, or mania.

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Benzodiazepines

lorazepam, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide

needs review
NeuroPsych

Enhances GABA, the brain's braking system, to reduce excitability.

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Opioid antagonists

naloxone

needs review
PsychResp

Competes at opioid receptors and can rapidly reverse opioid effects.

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GI acid reducers

omeprazole, pantoprazole, famotidine

needs review
GI

Reduces stomach acid so irritated tissue can heal and reflux symptoms decrease.

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Lactulose

lactulose

needs review
GI

Traps ammonia in the gut and promotes stooling so ammonia levels and confusion can improve.

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